Levels have been used to monitor volcanoes since the early 1900's. Members of the Cascades Volcano Observatory use first-order class II geodetic leveling procedures as defined by the Federal Geodetic Control committee to monitor vertical displacement at active or potentially active volcanoes. Equipment needs, bench-mark spacing and installation, data acquisition, and data reduction procedures are defined and described. Field procedures and technical specifications for equipment are summarized and consolidated to provide a guide for those interested in using geodetic levels as a method of monitoring vertical displacement.
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