USGS/Cascades Volcano Observatory, Vancouver, Washington
REPORT:
Eruption-Triggered Avalanche, Flood, and Lahar at Mount St. Helens --
Effects of Winter Snowpack
-- Waitt, R.B., Jr., Pierson, T.C., MacLeod, N.S., Janda, R.J., Voigt, B.,
and Holcomb, R.T., 1983,
Eruption-Triggered Avalanche, Flood, and Lahar at Mount St. Helens --
Effects of Winter Snowpack:
IN: Science, v.221, no.4618, p.1394-1397.
Abstract
An explosive eruption of Mount St. Helens on 19 March 1982 had substantial
impact beyond the vent because hot eruption products interacted with a thick
snowpack. A blast of hot pumice, dome rocks, and gas dislodged crater-wall snow
that avalanched through the crater and down the north flank. Snow in the crater
swiftly melted to form a transient lake, from which a destructive flood and
lahar swept down the north flank and the North Fork Toutle River.
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05/23/01, Lyn Topinka